Modal Auxiliaries – Introduction
Modal Auxiliaries वे helping verbs हैं जो ability, permission, possibility, necessity, advice, obligation, willingness आदि का भाव व्यक्त करते हैं।
Common Modal Auxiliaries
- Can
- Could
- May
- Might
- Shall
- Should
- Will
- Would
- Must
- Ought to
- Used to
Can
Can का प्रयोग ability, permission और possibility के लिए किया जाता है।
- I can swim.
- You can go now.
- It can happen.
Could
Could का प्रयोग past ability, polite request और possibility के लिए किया जाता है।
- I could swim when I was young.
- Could you help me?
- It could rain tonight.
May
May का प्रयोग permission और possibility के लिए होता है।
- May I come in?
- You may go now.
- It may rain today.
Might
Might का प्रयोग weak possibility के लिए किया जाता है।
- He might come tomorrow.
- It might rain tonight.
Should
Should का प्रयोग advice, duty और expectation के लिए होता है।
- You should work hard.
- We should respect our parents.
- He should be here by now.
Would
Would का प्रयोग polite request, past habit और conditional sentences में किया जाता है।
- Would you help me?
- When I was young, I would play here.
- I would go if I had time.
Must
Must का प्रयोग necessity, strong obligation और strong conclusion के लिए होता है।
- You must obey the rules.
- We must work hard.
- He must be tired.
Ought to
Ought to का प्रयोग duty और moral obligation के लिए किया जाता है।
- We ought to help the poor.
- You ought to respect your teachers.
Used to
Used to का प्रयोग past habit या past state के लिए किया जाता है।
- I used to play cricket.
- He used to live in Patna.
Important Rules
- Modal के बाद सामान्यतः verb का first form आता है।
- Can goes नहीं, बल्कि can go होगा।
- May के बाद V1 आता है।
- Must के बाद V1 आता है।
- Should के बाद V1 आता है।
- Modal auxiliaries के साथ सामान्यतः verb में s/es नहीं लगाया जाता।
Practice Questions
- You ____ obey your parents. (should/may)
- ____ I come in? (May/Should)
- He ____ swim when he was five. (could/may)
- It ____ rain tonight. (might/must)
- You ____ work hard to succeed. (must/could)
- ____ you please help me? (Would/Must)
Answers
- should
- May
- could
- might
- must
- Would
Conclusion
Modal Auxiliaries sentence के meaning को बदलने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं। इनके uses और rules को examples के साथ याद करना examination के लिए बहुत उपयोगी है।